Snowball User Manual
Snowball User Manual Version 0.0.1.1 (Beta)
Note:
This on-line version of the user manual may not be up to date. The latest version of the manual can be viewed here:
Thanks for trying Snowball! You are about to experience a unique new approach to translation and translation memory.
Table of Contents
- 1 Quick Start Instructions
- 2 Overview
- 3 Basic Operation
- 3.1 How does it work?
- 3.2 The Display
- 3.3 Additional Features
- 3.4 Exiting Snowball
- 4 Options
- 4.1 Options - the General Tab
- 4.2 Options - the Display Tab
- 4.3 Options - the Colors Tab
- 4.4 Options - the Connectors Tab
- 4.5 Options - the Translations Tab
- 4.6 Options - the Numbers Tab
- 5 Working with Databases
- 5.1 Creating a Database
- 5.2 Importing TMX Data
- 5.3 Activating an Existing Database
- 5.4 Deleting Databases
- 5.5 Exporting Database Information
- 6 Future Development
- 7 Known Issues
1 Quick Start Instructions
Installation
To install, just double-click “setup.exe” and follow the instructions.
Note: Snowball requires version 2.0 of the Microsoft .Net framework to run properly. If you have not installed .Net 2.0, setup will perform this installation for you first. The .Net framework can also be obtained at http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/netframework/aa731542.aspx. If you already have .Net 1.1 installed, there is no need to uninstall, as the two versions can coexist on your computer.
What does setup.exe do?
After installing the .Net framework, all the setup program does is to copy snowball.exe to the drive/directory of your choice, and to place links on your desktop and start menu if you desire. Snowball is a standalone program and does not require or make any changes to your registry or to your Microsoft Word® settings.
Operation
If you’re comfortable working with your computer and are in a hurry to get started translating with Snowball, just follow these steps:
- Start Snowball by clicking on Start, Programs, Total Recall, Snowball or by clicking on the Snowball icon on your desktop.
-
Open up your document for translation in Microsoft Word, and with the insertion point at the start of the first word or sentence you want to translate, press Ctrl-Spacebar. - Use the arrow keys alone or in combination with the Ctrl and Ctrl-Shift keys to select the words or groups of words you want to translate, type the translation and press Enter to save and continue. To quickly jump to a listed translation, press Ctrl plus the first letter of the translation entry. Press the Esc key if you need to stop. To extend or shrink the current selection limit past an abbreviation, press Alt plus the right or left arrow keys.
The translations for the words you select are inserted in the document in the order you choose them, so if there are no syntax changes just proceed from the first word in the sentence to the last as you would when overtyping, otherwise select words and phrases in the order you want them to appear in the translation. Snowball takes care of the rest, and remembers everything for next time.
See the full user’s manual for more features and instructions.
2 Overview
This section introduces you to the highlights of working with Snowball without going into specific details. If you feel comfortable working with new tools, this may be as far as you ever want to read. If you feel less confident and want to go through things one step at a time, this section will give you the big picture for reference purposes as you study the rest of the manual.
Commands
| Ctrl+Space | Starts a Snowball session |
| Single click | Selects an entry in the translation list |
| Right click | Allows entry deletion or selection of configuration options |
| Arrow keys Up/left, down/right |
Select entries in the current sentence/translation list, and among multiple translations for the current selection, if present - whatever feels most comfortable |
| Ctrl+Arrow | Skip directly to the next entry in the current sentence/translation list, without scrolling through multiple translations |
| Ctrl+Shift+Arrow | Extend/shorten the current selection (can also be used to extend/shorten the current sentence) |
| Ctrl+Character | Jumps to the next translation starting with that character, if present |
| Alt+Arrow | Extend/shorten the current sentence, e.g. past punctuation in abbreviations |
| Esc | Exit the current session and return to working directly in Word® |
Editing translations
| Typing | Enters typed characters in your target translation. If a stored translation entry is selected, this action overtypes it (but does not remove it from your translation memory) |
| F2 | Opens an existing entry for editing without overtyping |
| Two slow clicks | Opens an existing entry for editing without overtyping |
| Delete | Removes a selected entry from translation memory |
| Enter | Removes the currently highlighted selection and inserts the current translation memory entry at the insertion point |
| Double-click | Removes the currently highlighted selection and inserts the current translation memory entry at the insertion point |
| Alt+Comma | Inserts a comma after the last word before the insertion point. |
| Alt+Semicolon | Inserts a semicolon after the last word before the insertion point. |
Right-clicking the Snowball icon in the Taskbar displays the following menu options:
| Open | Opens the Snowball main menu |
| Options | Opens the Options menu |
| Send comment… | Opens a window for sending comments directly or by email to Total Recall ApS |
| About… | Displays program information |
| Exit | Saves your translation memory and shuts down Snowball |
Snowball main menu
| Set | Makes the selected translation memory the active one |
| Create | Creates a new translation memory |
| Delete | Not currently active |
| Export | Exports the selected translation memory in TMX format |
| Import | Imports TMX data to the selected translation memory |
| Open | Opens a Word® document for working with Snowball (required for Vista® users) |
| Options | Please see Section 4 for detailed descriptions of options |
| Close | Closes the main menu. Does not exit Snowball |
3 Basic Operation
3.1 How does it work?
Snowball displays a list in which you can select and or edit or enter a translation, scrolling down the list if the first word or group of words in the list is not the first one you wish to translate.
How to edit a target translation
Simply by typing; this overtypes any previous displayed entry for the selected source, but does not remove it from the database. Note: if you press the spacebar when an entry is selected, the entry is cleared, but the “space” character is not entered. This can be useful for deleting unwanted words, such as articles, from your translation.
By pressing F2; this moves the selection point to the end of any currently displayed target for the selected source for editing.
By slowly clicking twice on the target; same response as for F2.
You select a translation by pressing return or double-clicking. This replaces the selected source string with the selected target string at the current insertion point in your document and stores or updates the source-target pair in the database.
General features
You can have multiple translations for the same source word or group of words. Just overtype any existing translation and press Enter, and the new translation will be automatically saved along with the others. When you come across the same source again, Snowball automatically displays the translation you have recently been using the most at the top of the list for easy selection.
Displayed entries can also be deleted, either by simply pressing the Delete key or by right-clicking on the entry and selecting Delete translation. The entry will be deleted with no questions asked, so don’t use this function hastily.
A word or group of words can also be translated as nothing; this can be useful for removing extraneous articles like “the” from your translation. If a blank target is listed for the source, simply double-click it or press Enter and the word will be deleted from the sentence with no replacement. Or you can select any translation with the arrow keys and press the Space bar. Pressing the space bar once blanks out the selected target; pressing it again starts typing a new target with a space. As in all other cases when working with Snowball, the new “blank” translation is included in the list of possible translations for that particular source.
Once you have translated a phrase or sentence, Snowball automatically continues processing at the next sentence, table cell or other translatable text in your document.
Automatic scrolling of the working document: On completion of a sentence or other element, if the next text to be translated is not displayed on screen, Snowball causes your document application to scroll the text into view before continuing processing.
Pressing the Esc key or switching to another program window by keyboard or mouse input hides the suggestion window and returns Snowball to the background.
Different ways you can navigate through the list
- By pressing up/down or left/right arrows to move between adjacent list entries
- By holding down Ctrl and repeatedly pressing the starting letter of the desired target string to jump to corresponding target entries
- By holding down Ctrl and pressing the left/right arrows to move between adjacent source words or phrases (corresponds roughly to Ctrl-arrow keys in word processing programs)
- By holding down Ctrl and Shift and pressing the left/right arrows to extend/shorten the selected source phrase (corresponds roughly to Ctrl-Shift-arrow keys in word processing programs).
Source extension/shortening
You also have the option of extending (or shortening) the current source sentence in your document by holding down Alt and pressing the left/right arrow keys. This feature allows Snowball to account for mid-sentence abbreviations such as “etc.” or other instances where the source does not necessarily end with the first terminator, or to include other special characters such as tabs or carriage returns in the source. If a word followed by a period is stored in the database and appears in the text, Snowball assumes that it is a mid-sentence abbreviation and continue on to the next period or other terminator to define your sentence, displaying the word together with the period as a single word in the list. If you encounter a new abbreviation that is not stored in the database, you can use the Alt-right arrow key to force processing past the abbreviation, and if a sentence ends with an abbreviation and Snowball inadvertently proceeds beyond it, you can use the Alt-left arrow key to shorten the selected sentence accordingly.
Syntax changes
Where the syntax of the source and target may not be the same, such as for a source sentence like “Much to learn you still have”, if you start translating at the word “you” by scrolling to that word in the list and selecting a translation, Snowball removes that source word from your document and inserts the selected translation at the current insertion point. As processing continues, Snowball then automatically offers the next word (”still” in this case) first or scrolls to the corresponding position in the list. On reaching punctuation, however, it will return to the “front of the sentence” (the word “Much”). You are always free to select any of the words or phrases offered in the list for translation in the desired order.
Dealing with punctuation
Sometimes, internal sentence punctuation in the source and target will not be equivalent. If the source contains extraneous punctuation, it can easily be removed in the translation simply by translating it as a blank (this “translation” is also stored in the list for future use). You can also select a word or words together with punctuation and translate them all together with or without punctuation; this is especially useful when working with abbreviations.
Inserting punctuation is a bit different, though, as you will want it to appear after the last word you translated and not before the next one. Snowball takes care of this by allowing you to insert punctuation by holding down the Alt key and then pressing the character you want to place after the last word you translated. This function is currently enabled for the comma (,) and semicolon (;).
As with all features of Snowball, this is intended to be a convenience for the user, not a cumbersome workaround. Please let us know if you have any complaints or suggestions as to how we could make this solution easier for you.
Sending Comments
In addition to email and online (when available) support, you can also send comments to Total Recall directly from Snowball. To do this, right-click on the Snowball icon in the Taskbar and select Send Comment:
This opens a window where you can enter your comments and send them directly to us. If you’re not online, you can also elect to send your comments by email.
3.2 The Display
In standard mode, sources are listed side-by side with stored target translations starting with the first word in the source and in order of decreasing length. For example, if you translate the source sentence ‘The cat meows’ one word at a time, and then come across the same sentence again, the list will display ‘The cat meows’ first, followed by ‘The cat’, followed by ‘The’). Groups of words for which no translation is available are not initially displayed; i.e.
If there were no translation for ‘The cat’ or ‘The cat meows’, these source entries would not initially be listed, but the individual words are always listed, with a blank if no translation is currently available.
These entries are followed by the set of sources with stored target translations starting with the next word in the source and in order of decreasing length. For the above example, the next entries in the list would be ‘cat meows’ and then ‘cat’.
This continues until all possible groups of source words (in the order in which they appear in the source) have been listed; for the above example, the next and final source entry in the list would be ‘meows’. Provided there are translations available in the database for all of the possible groups of source words in this example sentence, the displayed list of source words and translations would thus be as follows:
Snowball also displays a group of the most frequently used translations for the longest respective source segments as a suggested translation. For the above example, if the database contains approved translations for “The cat” and “meows” in addition to translations for the individual words, but no translation for the full sentence “The cat meows”, it will offer the concatenation of the translations for “The cat” & “meows”, but not for “The” & “cat” & “meows”, as a suggested translation, thusly:
The computer-generated suggested translation is displayed in an alternate format or color (currently dark yellow) so that you does not mistake it for an “approved” (by you), stored translation from the database.
For each source with multiple targets, these targets are all listed in order of decreasing recent frequency of use. For example, if you have previously translated the word ‘the’ in the above example with ‘der‘, ‘die‘ and ‘das‘, with ‘der‘ being the translation you have been using most frequently in the recent past, the first translation listed for ‘the’ would be ‘der‘. If the translation you used next most frequently were ‘die‘ and the least-frequently used translation ‘das‘, this portion of the list would appear as follows:
This list of sources and targets is automatically positioned close to the insertion point but not covering the source text in your document. You can resize it by dragging the edges or corners with the mouse when it is visible.
3.3 Additional Features
Snowball automatically suggests unchanged “translations” for numeric data, for example, given the number “37″ as a word in a sentence, the number “37″ is displayed as a suggested translation even if not stored in the database. This does not prevent you from providing an alternate or additional translation, such as “thirty-seven”, for this number, and, like other “words” in the sentence, numbers can also be selected for translation in any desired syntax order.
Snowball also automatically suggests unchanged “translations” for data containing all uppercase letters, such as “SNOWBALL” or “KZ756″ to account for product names or item numbers which are not changed on translation.
Snowball stores and retrieves individual words and phrases as well as syntactically linear groups of the same. By “linear”, what is meant is that the groups of words are stored only in the order in which they appear in the source text and where they can be logically assigned to complete translations. For example, if you translate the text “Ich habe das schon getan” as “I have already done that”, proceeding one word at a time by selecting the words to be translated in the sequence in which they appear in the target, Snowball will store, in addition to the translations for the individual words and for the entire sentence, entries for “Ich habe“, “schon getan” and “das schon getan“. However, it will not store translations for sequences you did not select, such as “das habe Ich“, “Ich getan“, etc. Nor will it store entries for “Ich habe das” or “habe das schon” etc., as the sequence in which you selected the words for translation does not allow the logical assignment of a translation to these groups even though they appear in sequence in the original.
Snowball can leave unchanged or “translate” decimal separators such as “,” and “.” according to your specifications.
3.4 Exiting Snowball
If you close Snowball’s main menu by clicking the Close button on the lower left, the program will continue running in background. This is indicated by the following message in the Taskbar:
To exit the program completely, right-click on the Snowball icon and select Exit.
4 Options
In order to account for various preferences and working methods, we’ve provided you with a number of different ways to display your translation memory data. You may want to try out some of the different options to see what works best for you - this may change depending on the type of document you work with, how much information your translation memory database already contains, or perhaps even your mood. We want Snowball to be as unobtrusive as possible while still being as helpful as possible.
For example, you have the option of selecting automatic capitalization at the start of each line or sentence, as well as automatic capitalization at the start of each table cell.
There are two ways of getting to the Options menu. The simplest is to simply right-click on the Snowball icon in the Taskbar, then select Options…
Another way to get to the Options menu is to right-click anywhere in the translation list, when it is displayed, and select Options.
You can also get to the options menu through the Snowball main window. First, right-click on the Snowball icon in the taskbar, then select Open Snowball:
When the main menu opens, click the Options
button to open the Options menu.
The Options button on the main menu
The individual options you can select are explained in detail below:
4.1 Options - the General Tab
Auto Suggestion
Snowball also has a user-selectable “automatic suggestion” mode. This function is similar to that of “autocompletion” programs, where the popup window with list of translations is only displayed if Snowball has a matching translation for a text string starting at the current insertion point in your document. You can choose to accept the suggested translation, to edit or delete it as described above, or can press the Esc key and continue “unaided” translation work. Depending on how you like to work, you may find this feature highly useful or highly annoying.
To enable automatic suggestion, click Enable Auto-Suggestion in the General tab. If you think Snowball takes too long to respond, decrease the Show delay time. If Snowball is continually popping up before you even get the cursor to where you want to translate next, increase the Show delay time.
Like a good helper, Snowball will leave you alone if you ignore it. This feature is configured by adjusting the Hide delay time. The longer the hide delay is, the longer Snowball’s auto-suggest window will wait for your response before disappearing on its own. If you ignore Snowball several times in a row, it will disappear increasingly quickly and will finally not appear again at all until you press the display hotkey manually (currently Ctrl-Space).
If you really prefer to work on your own and only get help where it’s useful, then the Perform background sentence translations feature is for you. If this mode is selected, Snowball will silently “peer over your shoulder” as you work in Word, and will automatically store translation pairs in the database. Selected in combination with Auto suggestion, this means that Snowball will only pop up if you move the insertion point to the start of a sentence it’s seen before - without your having lifted a finger to store or retrieve that information.
Please note that this feature in particular, although it is one of Snowball’s most important and innovative developments and represents the true future of translation memory, is still in the experimental stage. It currently requires that you work through your document sequentially, sentence by sentence. If you find results are not as you expected, we suggest you turn off background sentence translations and let us know what sort of problems you’re encountering.
Processing Style
Snowball currently supports two processing modes, Word by word and Whole sentence.
In Word by word mode, Snowball highlights one word at a time for you to translate. As explained above, you can still extend or shorten the highlighted selection by holding down the Ctrl and Shift keys and then pressing the right or left arrow keys, and you can even extend the selection to include the entire current sentence or more if you wish. Even if you have Word by word mode selected, as your translation memory fills, Snowball will of course present you with the translations for the longest possible strings of words it can find a match for in the database. You should already begin to see the benefits of this before you finish translating your first page using Snowball.
Whole sentence mode is the processing style currently used in most translation memory programs. Although it may seem familiar, we don’t really recommend its use, as it does not give you the full benefits Snowball can offer over traditional “sentence by sentence” filling of your translation memory database.
4.2 Options - the Display tab
Drawing style for overlay window
As you work with Snowball, the current sentence and selected source words (corresponding to your selections in the translation list) can be outlined or highlighted. This enables you to focus on the task at hand in long sentences, and where source words are repeated within the same sentence, to make sure you’ve selected the right one.
Simplified mode:
When you first start Snowball, simple source outlining is selected by default, as some older computers may not be able to update the display fast enough for highlighting. The current sentence and selected words are outlined by colored boxes so you can see where you are.
Full effects>:
In this mode, the current sentence and selected words are highlighted for easier viewing.
Tight highlighting boxes:
In tight highlighting mode, the highlights are sized to fit selections which extend over more than one line, so you can see exactly what you have selected directly in the source at all times. This is the most convenient way to work with Snowball.
Single column translation list:
If you have tight highlighting boxes selected, the left-hand column of the source/target window displaying the source words in the list is redundant, as the highlighting of your text already shows you what you have selected. You may therefore choose to select the single column display mode in this case.
If you experience unusual delays or the display does not seem to be working correctly, your computer may not have the resources to handle all of Snowball’s background processing tasks and update the display. In this case, deselect “Tight highlighting boxes”, or select “Simplified mode” for maximum speed.
Transparency for translation list
If you prefer to be able to see what’s behind the Snowball display at all times, you can select Enable and move the slider to select the desired degree of transparency for the display. This feature is disabled by default when you first start Snowball.
4.3 Options - the Colors Tab
Although we’ve tried to pick colors that are both unobtrusive and intuitive, while also not deviating too far from what may be familiar colors from other translation memory programs, you may find it necessary to change the display colors to suit your mood or viewing conditions. This is possible in the Colors tab. Clicking on any of the three colors displays a standard color selection window, where you can either select a basic color or define your own custom color. If you go too far afield and have trouble getting back to where you started from, clicking the Defaults button restors the colors to their original settings, so don’t be afraid to experiment.
4.4 Options - the Connectors Tab
If you translate from a source language that uses combined word forms, you have Snowball account for these, which can be very useful feature. For example, given the translation “cup” for “Tasse” and “coffee” for “Kaffe“, if you have combined word forms selected, Snowball will automatically suggest “coffee cup” as a possible translation for “Kaffe*Tasse“, where * in this case can be nothing or any of a list of connectors which you define.
Like other suggested translations from Snowball, any such “unconfirmed” translations are displayed in the list in a different color (currently gray), and they are not actually stored in the database unless you select them and double-click or press Enter to confirm the translation.
To use combined word forms, click Enable on the Connectors tab. If you wish to add a new connector to the list, click the button on the upper right and type the letters or symbols for the new connector. To delete a connector, select it and click the button.
If you wish to also use combined word forms with no spaces at all between, as in the case of “Kaffetasse“, click Include zero length connectors at the bottom of this tab.
This feature is not limited to only two combined words, for example, if Snowball encounters the word “Vierwaldstaetterseedampfschifffahrtsgesellschaft” and already has translations for the words “Vierwaldstaettersee“, “Dampf“, “Schiff“, “Fahrt” and “Gesellschaft” but not for any combinations of these, it will suggest a possible translation for the entire combined word. Although this is therefore a very powerful feature, note that if Snowball encounters a long combined word, for each element of which the database already contains several translations, the number of combinations may appear bewildering at first!
4.5 Options - the Translations Tab
Automatic Capitalization
In most languages, you will want to enter all of your individual translation words in lowercase no matter where they appear in a sentence. However, if you select Enable for sentences in the Automatic Capitalization section of this tab, Snowball will then automatically capitalize the start of each sentence, even if you change syntax. This feature also works in text boxes and table cells. However, as for automatic capitalization in Word®, you will have to manually correct for inadvertent capitalizations after abbreviations.
Use settings in host application - this feature is not currently enabled.
Translation frequency weighting
You can adjust the number of times you have to use a translation for it to become the most preferred (so it appears at the top of the list) by changing the Translation frequency weighting number in the Translations tab. A larger number means it takes longer for less-frequently used translations to come to the top of the list, which is useful if you tend to use the same terminology all of the time. A smaller number means that you only have to use a less frequently-used term a few times for it to move to the top of the list, which is useful if you tend to use a lot of different translations for the same words. The initial setting of 3 is best for most users.
4.6 Options - the Numbers Tab
As not all languages use the same decimal and thousands separators, “translating” numbers can be tedious. Snowball provides for this by allowing you to select the decimal and thousands separators in your source and target languages, and will automatically make these changes for you when it encounters numbers in your text. Make sure you select the correct combinations for your language pair.
Note: When Snowball encounters numbers in groups that are not obviously decimal or thousands separators, it does not make any changes. This is especially useful, for example, if you run across section headings like “1.2″ when translating into English, or where the author of your source text thought they were being clever by using target language notation.
5 Working with Databases
When you first start Snowball, you are automatically guided through the process of setting up your first source/target database. This may be all you need to do for a long time, but this section explains how you can set up and work with multiple databases.
To start, right-click on the Snowball icon in the taskbar and select Open Snowball:
This takes you to the main menu.
The Snowball main window. This is where you manage your translation memory databases. Items shown in gray (select, search) have not yet been implemented.
5.1 Creating a Database
To create a new database, click on the Create button. A mask is displayed where you can select the source and target country and language. If you want this to be your active database for translation work, select Set as current. Confirm your selections by clicking OK.
5.2 Importing TMX Data
To import existing TMX data to your database, click the Import button. A mask will be displayed for you to select the .tmx file you wish to import:
After selecting the file, click Open. Any relevant file header information will be displayed:
Clicking Next displays the source and target language pairs in the TMX file. Check the ones you wish to import, and click Next to import the data.
5.3 Activating an Existing Database
To make a database the active one for your translation, right-click on the target and select Set as Current, or left-click and then click the Select button. If the target is not visible, first click on the + symbol to the left of the desired source to expand the group of targets and then select your target.
The current database is the one where Snowball will store and retrieve translations during your translation work. Once you set a database as current, this setting remains until you change it, even if you exit and restart Snowball.
5.4 Deleting Databases
The delete function is not yet active.
5.5 Exporting Database Information
To start an export, make sure the target you are exporting is selected and click the Export button. This displays the export mask.
Currently, only TMX format is available for export. Click Export to continue. You will be asked to select the location and filename:
>
Once you are happy with your selection, click Save. Save progress is displayed, and you can click Stop if you want to stop the export:
;
Export may take up to several minutes depending on your computer and the size of your database. Once export is completed, the following message is displayed:
6 Future Development
We are currently working on a wide range of new features to be included in future versions of Snowball. Here’s a sample:
- A separate mask for creating, searching, editing and deleting database entries.
- On-the fly spell checking of your entries
- Processing of industry-standard segmenting tags
- Fuzzy searching
- Wildcards for inline elements
- Processing of feedback or other corrections to translated documents.
- User-definable hotkeys
7 Known Issues
As this is an ongoing project, we are aware of a number of issues which have yet to be resolved. Here are some you may run across:
Spacing problems
We still have some unresolved issues regarding spacing, especially where syntax changes and punctuation are involved. Although most of these have now been fixed, please let us know with specific examples of any difficulties you encounter.
Closing Snowball on shutdown
If you shut down Windows® without first closing Snowball (right-click on Taskbar icon, Exit), changes you have made to your translation memory since you last started Snowball will not be saved. Please make sure you stop Snowball first before shutting down Windows®.
Formatting variations
If Snowball finds a match for a source containing variations in formatting, such as superscripts or subscripts, this formatting will not be transferred correctly to the target. The entire target will be assigned the same formatting as the first word in the source string. To work around this without having to go back and reformat the target, you may elect to use Snowball to translate the source words one at a time past the formatting change. However, since Snowball does not currently preserve formatting in the database, you will be faced with the exact same problem again the next time this source appears in your work.
Formatting and syntax changes
If your translation involves a change in syntax from the source, and the source contains variations in formatting, such as bold font for an individual word, this formatting may not always transfer correctly to the target. Since Snowball does not currently preserve formatting in the database, this effect is not included in your stored translations.
Optional hyphens
Snowball has not yet been programmed to ignore optional hyphens (ascii character 31). We suggest you remove these from your document by search and replace (select Special characters, Optional hyphen, or type “^-” in the search field) if you get erratic results.